The role of Shariah scholars in the Socialization of Banking

Scholars occupy an important position in Islamic society. Scholars not only as scientists figure the master and understand the teachings of religion, but also as a driver, motivator and dynamic factor in the direction of community development and human development. Behavior of the clergy has always been an example and role model. Speech clergy has always been a grip and guidelines. Ulama is the lamp of the people and has a charisma respected in the community. Acceptance or rejection of society to an idea, concept or program, much influenced by clerics.The role of scholars is not only the religious aspect mahdhah, giving fatwa, or pray alone, but also includes a variety of political, economic, social, cultural, educational, and so on, according to the teachings of Islam itself komprehensifan. Limiting the role of clergy in matters of religion, fatwa and morality alone, is a big mistake, because it was seen as a historical, because in the history of the role of scholars is vast, covering a comprehensive Islamic teachings as well.Quality and scientific capacity of the scholars who have been encouraging them to actively guide people in living their daily lives. Determined the Islamic economic system is conceptually, including Islamic banking system, and other Islamic financial institutions are the result of hard work and intellectual ijtihad of the scholars, and of course it is thanks to 'inayah Allah.The role of scholarsIn socializing, implement and Diversification of Islamic finance at least ten kinds of clerical roles. First, scholars contribute to explain to people that teaching should be practiced and muamalah maliyah revived in accordance with the commands of the Qur'an and Sunnah. So far, most Muslims do indeed have sekonomi activity and assess the economics, but unfortunately, a lot of practice in conflict with Islamic law, such as usury, maysir, gharar and falsehood business. Muamalah actualization is manifested in the form of Islamic banking, Islamic insurance, Islamic leasing, capital markets Shariah, Shari'a Cooperative Baitul Mal and wat Tamwil, Shariah Capital Market (sukuk, Islamic stocks and mutual funds), Pawnshop Sharia, Sharia Multi Level Marketing , and so on.Second, scholars also serve to explain the economic keterpurukkan Muslims during this caused among Muslims ignore muamalah fiqh. Ihya 'Ulumuddin Al-Ghazali, for example, only the mystical aspects are explored, while the economic aspect is not studied and developed. Similarly, hundreds of titles of books of fiqh. The discussion of the priority of the cleric at the mosque, Friday sermons, Islamic study groups is the only aspect of worship. Though most of the books that talk about muamalah. Even if a particular school (eg boarding) studied muamalah, its normative and dogmatic, not developed in accordance with the application of contemporary banking and finance ..According to the former Chairman of the MUI Centre, KH Ali Yafie, "because the Muslims during the eight centuries of neglect muamalah doctrine, the economic condition of the people suffered a setback, wallowing in poverty and underdevelopment in poverty and underdevelopment. (Hidayatullah Magazine, January 1998).Third, scholars serve to invite (Mendakwah) people to enter Islam in kaffah (overall), not in bits and pieces as far. So far, there are many Muslims who are struggling directly with the system of interest is forbidden, the Qur'an in a conventional bank. Save or open accounts in Islamic banks is an attempt towards Islam Kaffah. So that we no longer apply in a capitalist system of economic activity ..Fourth, oversees the operational practices of Islamic banking and finance aspects of sharia compliance. Ulama is an Islamic financial institution kesyariahan bodyguard. Adherence to the Sharia to be an important pillar of the development of Islamic banking and finance, as is the determination of Bank Indonesia. This oversight role has been confirmed in the Law in Indonesia, Law No. 40 of the Limited Company and Law No. 21/2008 on Islamic banking. In addition to banks, other Islamic financial institutions should also have the Sharia Supervisory Board, such as Islamic Cooperative, Baitul Mal wat Tamwil, Islamic Capital Market, and other Islamic companies, such as MLM sharia. The scholars who act as supervisors of Islamic banks should not allow the occurrence of fraud and breach of sharia.Fifth, the role and duty cleric issued a fatwa and opinion, and member advice about products, procedures, practices and mechanisms of Islamic financial transactions. Because of this scholar who served as the DPS should have sufficient knowledge about the system and operational mechanism of Islamic banking and finance.Sixth, scholars serve to explain to the public that the banking and Islamic financial institutions is basically the practice of muamalah maliyah jurisprudence, fiqh explains how human beings relate in the fields of property, economic, business and finance. When people have realized that building and into an Islamic bank muamalah teachings, then Muslims would no longer willing to take usury which is condemned Islam and is a major sin which is obtained from a conventional bank.Seventh, the ulama play in society and in charge of restoring nature. According to nature, whether natural or nature of business nature, Muslims are a people who run the sharia in the economic field, such as agriculture, trade, investment and estate, etc.. Culture has been undermined by the liberalization of the banking world, so that the public interest is tainted by a culture that is actually contrary to the nature of nature and nature of business. In fact, ironically, because of the powerlessness of (sorry) scholars in the past, is among scholars allow any interest in the banking practice. Natural disposition and nature of the business can not be ascertained to be successful, because a business can be a big profit, small profit, even to lose. While the concept of flowers certainly successful business. Yet who can ensure that only Allah (See Surah Luqman: 34, "One can not know (exactly) how the results of his efforts tomorrow"). This is what must be explained by the clergy in preaching and writing.Other than that which is not less important is the role of scholars in explaining to the public about the enormous sin of usury, both of the texts of the Qur'an, the Sunnah, the opinion of the Greek philosophers, non-Muslim scholars, Islamic economists, etc..Eighth, the scholars explain the advantages to the community of Islamic economic system, including the advantages of Islamic banks from conventional banks apply interest. Similarly, other Islamic institutions of excellence. Thus, scholars actually have an important role in the development of Islamic banking and finance products, because the clergy are generally controlled and can teach fiqh muamalah, such as the concept mutanaqishah musharaka, mudaraba musytarakah, mudaraba, musharaka, murabaha, salam Ba'i, Ba'i istisna ' , Ba'i bit tsamanil 'ajil, power of attorney, kafalah, hiwalah, ijara, qardhul hasan, etc..Ninth, helping to save the nation's economy through the development and dissemination of Islamic economics. The economic crisis in the late decades of the 1990s made the nation's economy devastated. Interest rates had to be raised, so that public funds flowing into banking in addition to the life blood of the bank. However, it turns out that the policy exacerbated the banking disease. Banks experienced negative spread from the interest paid is higher than the interest earned. The fact this happened to all the conventional banks, so that part was forced to close (liquidation), partly to the recapitulation in large quantities (hundreds of trillions of dollars of government in the form of BLBI). However BLBI using bond instruments turned out to have destroyed the nation's economy, because the bond interest donated to a conventional bank has been draining our budget every year in signifikan.Hampir third of our budget is used to pay the interest. Therefore, the system of interest must be abandoned and moved to the Shariah system. When the scholars were able to persuade the nation to return to the bosom of sharia, God willing, the nation's economic recovery, through the Islamic banking institutions to heal and healthy.Tenth, providing motivation to the community, both to the people who still mengganggur and small businesses, medium-sized, so they have a very high work ethic, hard work in accordance with the pleasure of God and be honest (trust) in managing the money of the people.Tenth, and invites the wealthy Muslim businessmen to want to support and practice of Islamic banking in their business activities. Thus, the symbols of Islam through the Islamic banking muamalah more developed and all parties interested.CoverScholars have a strategic role in socializing shariah banking, but it must be admitted, the level of understanding of most scholars of Shariah banking operations was minimal, so the scholars it is difficult to communicate to the public. Yes, of aspects of sharia (Islamic law) they understand it, especially its normative aspect, but its application diperbankan, many do not understand. To that end, the Islamic banks need to hold a workshop for scholars of Shariah banking, so that they understand-at least-the basics of Shariah banking operations can be optimized so that its role in socializing shariah banking.